The Life of the Roman Poet Ovid

The Life of the Roman Poet Ovid Publius Ovidius Naso, known as Ovid, was a prolific Roman poet whose writing influenced Chaucer, Shakespeare, Dante, and Milton. As those men knew, to understand the corpus of Greco-Roman mythology requires familiarity with Ovids Metamorphoses. Ovids Upbringing Publius Ovidius Naso or Ovid was born on March 20, 43 BCE*, in Sulmo (modern Sulmona, Italy), to an equestrian (moneyed class) family**. His father took him and his one-year-older brother to Rome to study so that they might become public speakers and politicians. Instead of following the career path chosen by his father, Ovid made good use of what hed learned, but he put his rhetorical education to work in his poetic writing. Ovids Metamorphoses Ovid wrote his Metamorphoses in the epic meter of dactyllic hexameters. It tells stories about the transformations of mostly humans and nymphs into animals, plants, etc. This is very different from the contemporary Roman poet Vergil (Virgil), who used the grand epic meter to showcase the noble history of Rome. Metamorphoses is a storehouse for Greek and Roman mythology. Ovid as a Source for Roman Social Life The topics of Ovids love-based poetry, especially the Amores Loves and Ars Amatoria Art of Love, and his work on the days of the Roman calendar, known as Fasti, give us a look at the social and private lives of ancient Rome in the time of Emperor Augustus. From the perspective of Roman history, Ovid is, therefore, one of the most important of the Roman poets, even though there is debate as to whether he belongs to the Golden or merely the Silver Age of Latin literature. Ovid as Fluff John Porter says of Ovid: Ovids poetry is often dismissed as frivolous fluff, and to a large degree it is. But it is very sophisticated fluff and, if read carefully, presents interesting insights into the less serious side of the Augustan Age. Carmen et Error and the Resulting Exile Ovids plaintive appeals in his writing from exile at Tomi [see  § He on the map], on the Black Sea, are less entertaining than his mythological and amatory writing and are also frustrating because, while we know Augustus exiled a 50-year-old Ovid for carmen et error, we dont know exactly what his grave mistake was, so we get an unsolvable puzzle and a writer consumed with self-pity who once was the height of wit, a perfect dinner party guest. Ovid says he saw something he should not have seen. It is assumed that the carmen et error had something to do with Augustus moral reforms and/or the princeps promiscuous daughter Julia. [Ovid had acquired the patronage of M. Valerius Messalla Corvinus (64 BCE - CE 8), and become part of the lively social circle around Augustus daughter Julia.] Augustus banished his granddaughter Julia and Ovid in the same year, CE 8. Ovids Ars amatoria, a didactic poem purporting to instruct first men and then women on the arts of seduction, is thought to hav e been the offensive song (Latin: carmen). Technically, since Ovid had not lost his possessions, his relegation to Tomi should not be called exile, but relegatio. Augustus died while Ovid was in relegation or exile, in CE 14. Unfortunately for the Roman poet, the successor of Augustus, Emperor Tiberius, did not recall Ovid. For Ovid, Rome was the glittering pulse of the world. Being stuck, for whatever reasons, in what is modern Romania led to despair. Ovid died three years after Augustus, at Tomi, and was buried in the area. Ovids Writing Chronology Amores (c. 20 BCE)HeroidesMedicamina faciei femineaeArs Amatoria (1 BCE)MedeaRemedia AmorisFastiMetamorphoses (finished by CE 8)Tristia (starting CE 9)Epistulae ex Ponto (starting CE 9) Notes *Ovid was born a year after the assassination of Julius Caesar and in the same year that Mark Antony was defeated by consuls C. Vibius Pansa and A. Hirtius at Mutina. Ovid lived through the entire reign of Augustus, dying 3 years into Tiberius reign. Timeline of the End of the Roman RepublicRoman Empire Timeline **Ovids equestrian family had made it to the senatorial ranks since Ovid writes in Tristia iv. 10.29 that he put on the broad stripe of the senatorial class when he donned the manly toga. See: S.G. Owens Tristia: Book I (1902). References Porter, John, Ovid Notes.Sean Redmond, Ovid FAQ, Jiffy Comp.

Healthcare Ethics Discussion Forum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Healthcare Ethics Discussion Forum - Essay Example Performing an abortion in respect of the patient’s autonomy would be legally wrong for the reason that abortion is against the law, situation that will amount to professional misconduct as indicated by Botes. According to the nursing code of ethics, a patient has a right to make decisions on the choice of treatment, medical procedures and any form of care to be provided. It is the duty of every nurse to respect that right, hence, in this case disregarding the patient’s autonomy (wish to have an abortion done) may be regarded as unethical as stipulated in the nursing code of practice. Turning her away is no better than negligence in case she ends up executing her plans in the backstreet. Supposing the nurse was to turn away the patient and the patient then goes ahead to have the abortion unprofessionally done from illegal centers, then the nurse can be charged with negligence or medical malpractice if the patient suffers any harm.

Civil Rights Act and the Voting Rights Act Essay

Civil Rights Act and the Voting Rights Act - Essay Example Partly in response to King’s actions and his march to Washington, the government took the necessary actions in ensuring that there was equality in opportunities among all the people. It passed the Civil Rights and the Voting Rights Laws which effectively played a role in ending segregation within the American community (King & Lillback, 2003, 78). The other contemporary readings in the paper do not clearly indicate what role the government should play in ensuring that there is equality in opportunities. Brittain is pessimistic about the achievement of the integrated society that Dr. King believed and sacrificed himself for. Shelby Steele, a male, argues that African American should be responsible for their uplift whereas the white community should be responsible for providing the moral support required. He also states that the white community should be responsible for fighting racism that lingers within it. Steele additionally raises vigorous opposition against the Affirmative Action law in his works (King & Lillback, 2003, 97). ... utality and slavery contrasted the promises and liberties in farming, which President Jefferson termed as the guarantor of virtues along with morality in the American society. The author does not, however, state which method the government should adopt to end the vices (King & Lillback, 2003, 99). D’ Souza, on the other hand, who is a conservative, urges that the American Revolution principles should be conserved. In his book titled â€Å"We the Slave Owners†, the author argues against classical liberalism and old virtues along with the belief that man’s nature is fundamentally good and for these reason enormous conflicts emerge. He additionally states that the mediation process should be carried out by organizations such as the UN. The author does challenge the beliefs of concepts like affirmative action along with issues concerning social welfare. He finally attributes the majority of the current problems and other social issues being experienced to cultural th eft (D’ Souza, 154). The civil rights law that came into being in the year 1964 banned discriminatory actions against women and African Americans within their society which included the issue of racial segregation. It ended the inequalities that existed between the requirements for various voters within the system while also ending racial restrictions that existed in their working areas, schools along with public places and facilities. The American government through their voting rights law outlawed discrimination in their voting systems in the year 1965. The reason for enacting the law was because it had brought a lot of disenfranchisement among the African American society living within the United States of America (King & Lillback, 109). The law specifically prevents any standards, practices or

Defence Mechanisms Essay Example for Free

Defence Mechanisms Essay Defence mechanisms are psychological actions brought in by the unconscious mind to change, deny or become a twisted reality. Defence mechanisms are usually referred to as ego defence mechanisms. A defence mechanism forms when anxiety occurs, this then means that the defence mechanisms will be triggered off. All defence mechanisms share two common properties they appear unconsciously and they tend to disfigure, transform a person’s reality. Defence mechanisms occur in some level in every person. Many play important roles in socialization and allowing the way in which people function in society. Others are seen as problems and they show signs of clients developing a dangerous psychological issue. For example regression, this means you return to a childlike state, this defence mechanism can get very dangerous as it can lead to clinical issues. There are many different defence mechanisms such as: Projection- Suggesting that others share the negative beliefs and thoughts you have, making yourself think that everyone thinks like that so it is okay to think like that as well. This can lead to very irrational thoughts. Such as when someone is depressed they then start to believe thoughts that their mind has made up maybe leading them to become suicidal. Displacement- Turning emotion into physical action (aggression) May tend to lash out to get rid of the emotion that have inside. This could lead to putting themselves and others into very serious danger as they could get progressively aggressive. This often occurs in mental health as they don’t know how to deal with certain emotions and situations. Rationalization- Illogical thoughts and explanations for your behaviour. Making up excuses just to get away with it. Making up things that don’t make sense. This could lead to them believing their own thoughts and starting to think they are real, sending them mentally ill. This could be when a doctor/surgeon makes a mistake during a procedure and they try to cover up their mistakes by using excuse and lies. Isolation- Removal of all emotional reactions so they are in emotional denial. Can’t cope with all of the emotion. In a hospital a nurse/doctor could not like a patient because of different beliefs and maybe ersonalities so provides them with different treatment. If someone is in denial then they will force themselves to not believe what they have been told to be true and not accept it. For example a person is diagnosed with a terminal disease, they will not believe it and just block it out so they don’t have to deal with it as they don’t know how to. They are refusing to accept the situation they are in. Eventually that person will have forced it out of their head so much that they generally think it hasn’t happened and it was all just a lie. Regression this is when you return to a childlike state acting immature, for example in a family when a new sibling arrives the other sibling gets jealous so therefore they may start to wet the bed as they want attention as they feel as if the other sibling is getting all of their parents attentions (feeling left out. ) Some people may go to therapy to identify the defence mechanisms that benefit them and work in a good way and also to identify the defence mechanisms that are really dangerous and that they shouldn’t be using.

The Oak Tree: A Symbol For America :: essays research papers

America, our great country, is strong, powerful, and influential. Americans exemplify positive values, selflessness, hospitality, and the American way of life. The mighty oak tree that stands taller, bigger, and older than all others best represents this grand country. Each part of the tree illustrates a facet of our nation. Shapely emerald leaves covering the tree symbolize the values many Americans hold concerning themselves, others, and their nation. Leaves help the tree grow and flourish just as our value of caring for our neighbors help us to unite and become more successful as a whole. The beautiful shade and distinct shape of these leaves make the tree more attractive and unique. Our values often differ from values of other countries due to cultural contrasts such as with religious, racial, and education issues. We give much more freedom than many other countries do to those of different races and religions. Also, he hold education in a much higher regard than other countries. It is these differences which sometimes make our country seem more appealing to those of foreign lands. Without leaves in the spring, the mighty oak would have no means of nourishment and would die. Our common American values bind us together as one unit just as all the leaves work together to benefit the oak. Without them we would be millions of separate bodies aimlessly wondering about a common ground, and our country would fall to pieces. Thus, there would be no country as there would be no tree. The lonely oak's long, gnarled limbs seem to reach out as far as they can just to touch another tree. One limb reaches far to the east until it finds a maple. Our brave troops fought in the east to fend off the Czechoslovakians and Serbians from nearly defenseless Bosnia. Another limb bends down and softly touches the fresh buds of a young sapling. Many Americans give years of their lives in South Africa to the Peace Corps to touch the lives and hearts of many villagers. Yet another limb seems to branch out in all directions with its twigs reaching both up and down and side to side. Every year, many Americans donate money to the Christian Children's Fund where it is then used to heal, feed, and educate poverty-stricken children all over the world. Just as our branches stretch out, so do our American arms to help those less fortunate.

China Child Policy Essay

One of the things that people love and appreciate about the U.S.A is the fact that it’s a free country. There is about 322 million people that live in the U.S, each day marks thousands of new lives and deaths. Some people, like myself enjoy big and crowded families so they usually have more than 1 child. Now imagine having three kids and have two of them taken away from you because you’re not supposed to have more than 1. It sounds unfair and controlling but in China the â€Å"one child policy takes place†. China’s one child policy was first announced in 1979 by the Chinese president Deng Xiaoping as a method of controlling the fast growing population to help raise living standards. The policy limits couples to one child. In 1983 fourteen million women in china had abortions forced and organized by the same family-planning committee that killed Feng’s baby. In 2009, there were six million abortions. Now the government is working on letting certain c ouples have an extra child but only if both parties were born under the one child policy and had no siblings growing up. That way they prevent a drastic decrease in the population. I, personally think it’s unfair and too controlling of the Chinese government to control how many kids a family can have because it’s cruel and unfair to break up families like that. If a woman dares to get pregnant a second time, fines, pressures to abort the baby, and even forced sterilization will accompany her through her second pregnancy. For example a 23 year-old Chinese girl called Feng Jiamei was forced into abortion in the seventh month of pregnancy, the baby was killed by local Chinese â€Å"family-planning officials.† For one thing, people should have the freedom to decide how big a family they want. China’s once child policy takes away Chinese people’s human rights. Most Chinese kids don’t know what it feels like to have siblings, aunties, uncles, cousins etc. The Chinese government basically a dictatorship because they tell people how to run their families. China’ s one child policy takes away from the people’s human rights and I believe the Chinese population should rise up against the government and the â€Å"one child policy† policy because that’s unfair and the punishments such as forced abortion and sterilization are cruel and unusual. Chinese people need to rise up one day and let their voices be heard.

Anal Sex Is The Act Of A Penis Being Inserted Into A...

Aaron Ikan, 13592100, Soc 64, Essay 1 on Sexual Activity Anal sex is the act of a penis being inserted into a partner’s anus. The act can be between male and female, or two males. The act can be pleasurable to some, and hurt for others. Anal sex can also be used to help reduce the risk of pregnancy, but not necessarily STD’s. I will compare anal sex in the United States today to anal sex during the time of the Ancient Greeks (800 B.C. to 500 B.C.). The activity is similar in a few ways, but there are plenty of differences. A similarity would be that a lot of the anal sex took place between two males. The U.S., however had more instances of anal sex between heterosexual partners. In the modern day U.S., anal sex is commonly referred†¦show more content†¦Also, some people may view anal sex as â€Å"dirty† because it involves the anus. Finally, there’s anal sex between two men. The social attitudes will vary depending upon the beliefs of each person. Obviously, people who are anti-gay will argue that anal sex is bad because they believe that sex should only happen to procreate. As for people who do support gay rights, then they may be all for it. Some, however, will stress the importance of protection because of the risk of STD’s. So overall, the social norms/attitudes of anal sex in America today are mixed, but it is clear that people are generally more open to it than before. The Ancient Greeks (800 B.C. to 500 B.C.) were known to participate in anal sex. Their acts mostly involved two males. The interesting part is that lots of anal sex took place between young teen and older man. The older man would usually be in his mid-to-late 20s and the young man would be any age after puberty up to 18. This is called Pederasty (Holmen 2010). The Greeks, for the most part, did not condemn or criticize the act, but the actually encouraged, or at least permitted, it. Older men desired for sex, and viewed their wives as just the chi ld-bearer. They looked to young men to appease their sexual desires. Younger males would seek mentorship, and the older males would teach them (Holmen 2010; Miko 2016). Many societies in Ancient Greece saw anal sex between males of different age groups as a rite-of-passage.Show MoreRelatedSex Is A Physical Activity1607 Words   |  7 Pageseach other s souls. The first kiss of the evening starts off passionately from the jump as their hands start to explore each others’ bodies. He pushes her against the wall and slowly starts making a trail of kisses leading down past her belly button. He starts to unbuckle her pants as she pulls on his shirt to take it off. The deep breathing and moaning fills the air as the sexual anticipation increases and they admire each others’ bodies before the real game â€Å"sex† begins. But what is sex? The dictionaryRead MoreHuman Sexuality Notes Essay3619 Words   |  15 Pagesmasturbate or have interpersonal sexual contact. Partial celibacy- does not have interpersonal sexual contact, but still masturbates. Celibacy or abstinence is an option until the person is ready for a sexual relationship- and becomes a positive act. Religion/morals: becoming a priest or a nun includes a vow of celibacy, celibacy until marriage, personal criteria for a good sexual relationship has been met, have experienced sexual confusion or disappointment in the past EROTIC DREAMS ANDRead MoreThe Law Of Sexual Offences Act3880 Words   |  16 PagesIn 2003, the Sexual Offences Act was introduced to remedy the problems in the law of sexual offences. Two important provisions were created. Section 74 introduced a statutory definition of consent, where a person consents â€Å"if he agrees by choice, and has the freedom and capacity to make that choice†; and section 76 introduced a list of conclusive presumptions on the absence of consent. The provisions were introduced to clarify the law on consent, which prior to the Act was scarce and unclear. HoweverRead MoreSexually Transmitted Diseases35655 Words   |  143 Pagesrecognition and appreciation of the application of scientific principles are of utmost importance. If the resources of our world are to be properly utilized for the enhancement of man’s life, then an understanding of the responsibilities that human beings have to each other and their environment must be developed. Embedded in this portfolio is a wealth of information covering many aspects of science and will therefore play a major part in preparing citizens who can survive in the changing world and